? - ???????

???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? 0.01 ～ 0.1 ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????. ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????????? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? (Al?O?). ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????.

??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? "???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? Q&A" (???? ???? ???? ??????) ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????.

2 、 ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????

2.1 ???? ????? ????? ???????

??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????:

• ??????? ???????? ??????:: ???? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? Al?O??;
• ????? ???????:: ???? ??????????? (?? ???? ??? ?????????) ?????? Al?O?O? ??????.

????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????. ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? 0.01 ?0.03 ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? 20%-30%? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????.

2.2 ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????

??? ???????	???????????	???? ???? ??????	???????	??????? ????????
????? ??? ????????	3%～10% ??? ????????	5 ～8μm	???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????	??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????
????? ??? ?????????	10% ??? 20% ??? ?????????	8 ～25 ????????	???? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????	???????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???????
???? ?????? ???	??? ????????? + ??? ????	25 ～150 ????????	??????? ??????? (HV300～600)? ??????? ??????? ??????	?????????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ????????

3 、 ????? ?? ??? ????????

????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????. ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????.

3.1 ?????? ???? ????????

• ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???????. 2 ????? (?????????? ???????)? 7 ????? (?????????? ??????) ? 5 ????? (?????????? ???????????)? 6 ????? (?????????? ??????????? ??????????) ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????.
• ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????.

3.2 ??????? ??????????

• ?????????:: ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? 4 ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????.
• ?????/???????:: ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????. ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????.

3.3 ???????? ?????????? ???????

???? ????? (??????)????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? 50 ~ 70 ℃? ????? 3 ~ 5 ?????.

?????? ??????: 10% ~ 15% ????? ????????? ????????? ???? ??????? 50 ~ 60 ℃? ????? 1 ~ 3 ?????. ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????. ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? 30 ～ 50 ?? / ???? ???? ?? 80 ?? / ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????.

???? (?? ?????):: 20%～30% ????? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? 1～3 ?????. ????? ?????? ???????? (?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??????) ???? ????? ????? ??????.

?????? ???? - ????? ???????? ????? ?????????:: ???? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????????? (?????????? ???????) ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ????????. ??? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????????? 5%(??? ???????? 30%? ???? ????????????? 5%? ?????? 65%)? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? 30-60 ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????.

4 、 ????? ????? ??? ?????????

???? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ?? 80% ?? ?????? ????????? ????????. ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????.

4.1 ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????

????????	?????? ?????? ??	???? ????	????? ????????
????? ??? ?????????	?? 15% ??? 20%	10% ??? 25%	???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????.
????? ???? ??????????	5 ～ 15 ??/???	<??? ?? 20 ??/???	???? ?? 20 ??/???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
???? ????? ??????	18-22°C	15-25°C	＞ 25 ℃ ???? ???? ???? ??????? <15 ℃ ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????
????? ??????	1.2 ～ 1.5 ?????/?2	0.8 ～ 2.0 ?????/????2	????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????
??? ???????	30-60 ?????	??????? ???? ???????	??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????
????? Cl-	≤25 ????/???	≤50 ????/???	???? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????

4.2 ??????? ???? ??????

??? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ????????或????? ??????. ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? 50-200 ????/???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????--????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ≥5×10×10? ??.

4.3 ????? ??????? ???????? ??????

• ????? ???????:: ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ≥ 1/200 ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????.
• ?????? ??????:: ??? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????.
• ????? ?????:: ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????. ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????.
• ????? ??????? ?????????:: ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????. ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????.

4.4 ??? ??????? ??????? ??????

??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? 25 ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???:

• ?????????? ????????? C2H2O41.5% ??? 2.0% ????? ????-???????0.5% ～ 1.0%? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? 35 ℃? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????;
• ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????;
• ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????.

5 、 ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????

????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? “??????? - ??????? - ???????? ???????” ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????????.

5.1 ?????? ???? ?????? ??????

??????? ?? ??????:: ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????.
?????? ???????:

1. ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? > 3% ?????????? > 7%? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????;
2. ???? ?? ??????????? > 200 ????/???? ??????? > 100 ????/???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????;
3. ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????.
   ???????? ???????:

• ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? DC/AC? ?? ??????? ???? ???????????;
• ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????;
• ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????.

5.2 ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????

??????? ?? ??????:: ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????.
?????? ???????:

1. ?????? ???? ????? ?????? 28 ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????;
2. ????? ?????? > 2.0 ?????/?2 ?? ??? ????? ???????;
3. ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????;
4. ????? ???? ?????????? > 25 ??/???? ????? ??????.
   ???????? ???????:

• ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ≤24 ???? ????? ???? ?????;
• ??? ????? ?????? ??? 1.2 ??? 1.5 ?????/?2;
• ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??;
• ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????.

5.3 ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????

??????? ?? ??????:: ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????.
?????? ???????:

1. ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????;
2. ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????;
3. ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????;
4. ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????????.
   ???????? ???????:

• ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????;
• ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????;
• ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????.

5.4 ?????? ????????? ??????

??????? ?? ??????:: ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????.
?????? ???????:

1. ???? ??????? ??? ??????????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? > 5 ?????/?2;
2. ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????;
3. ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????.
   ???????? ???????:

• ????? ????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ??????;
• ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ≥ 150 ??;
• ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????.

5.5 ?????? ??????? ????? ???????

??????? ?? ??????:: ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???.
?????? ???????:

1. ????? Cl- ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????;
2. ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????;
3. ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????.
   ???????? ???????:

• ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? Cl-;
• ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????;
• ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????.

5.6 ????? ???????? ??? ??????

??????? ?? ??????:: ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????.
?????? ???????:

1. ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????;
2. ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???;
3. ??? ???????? ????? ??????.
   ???????? ???????:

• ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????;
• ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????;
• ??? ????? ???????? ???????.

6 - ????? ??????? ??????

6.1 ?????? ????? ???????

????? ???????	???????	???????	??????? ???????
??????? ???????	?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????	????? ????? ????? ???? ????	??????? ???????? ??????? ???????
????? ???????	???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????	?????? ?????? ??????? ??????	?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????????
??????? ?????	????? ??? ???? ???????	?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????	???????????? ????????

?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? (≤30 ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????)? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ≥10 ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????.

6.2 ?????? ??? ?? ?????

?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ????? 20% ~ 30%? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? 1/10 ~ 1/20 ??? ?? ?????? ????????.

?????? ?????? ????? ???????:

?????? ?????? ???????	?????	???? ???????	???????	????????
??? ????? ??????	????? ????? ????????	95-100°C	15-30 ?????	???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????????
??? ????? ????? ??????	????? ?????? ??????	60～80℃	?? 10 ??? 20 ?????	???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????
??? ????	????? ?????? ??????	25-35°C	5-10 ?????	??????? ????????? ???????

??? ???? ???? ?????:: ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? (GB/T 8753.2)? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????.

7 、 ? 7 、 ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????

1 - ?: ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????????

?: ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? -

• ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????;
• ?????? ???? ??????????? (????? ???????) ?? ???? ?????? ???????;
• ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? > 50 ????/???;
• ????? ??????? ??? ???? > 4% ?? ??????? > 8%;
• ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? > 20 ??/???.

2- ?. ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????

?: ??? ?????? ????? (?????? ????? ?????)??????? ?????????: ???? ????? ?????? > 28 ???? ????? ????? ?? 30 ?????? ?? ????? ?????? > 1.8 ?????/?2 ?? ??? ????? ???????. ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????. ???????? ??????? ???????: ????? 1.5% ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? 1.0 ?????/???2? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????.

3 - ?. ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????

???????:??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? 2 ?7 ?????? ??????? 5 ? 6. ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? (??? 6063) ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? (??? 2024) ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? 5 ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????.

4- ?. ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????

?: ???????? ????????: ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????????? 5.5-6.0? ???? ??????? 50-55 ???? ?????? ??? ??????? 5-15 ?????. ???????? ????????: ??????? ???????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ISO 2810 ????? 5.

5. ?. ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????

???????:????? ??????. ????? Cl- ?? ??? ??????? ?? 50 ~ 200 ????/???? ????? ?? 25 ????/??? ????? ??? ???? ??????. ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ≤20μS / ??.

6. ?. ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????

?: ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? > 6.5:

• ???? ?????? ?????? ??????: ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? 0.5% ～ 1% ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????;
• ?? ????? ???? ????: 5% ~ 10% ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? 30-60 ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????.

8 - ???????: ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????

????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????. ????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? 32 ???? ????? ?? ?????.80% ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????.

???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????:

1. ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????:: ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????;
2. ????? ????? ????????:: ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????;
3. ??? ?????? ??????:: ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????.

?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? “???? ?????? 95%” ??? “???? ?????? 99.5%”.