?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?? ????. ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ?? ????.

???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????. ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????.

?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????.

1 - ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????????

?????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???.

???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????. ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????. ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????.

????? ????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????:

• ??????? ???????:: ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? (Al?O?) ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????.
• ?????? ???????:: ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? (??? 6061? 5052? 7075? ???). ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????.

???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? (?? ???? ????? ??????) ??? ????? ??????:
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H?O → 2NaAlO? + 3H?↑

2 - ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????????

???????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????????????? ???? ??? ??????:

2.1 ????? ?????????

????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????.

• ?????? ????????????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???????.
• ????? ????? ?????? ?????????:
  • ????? ????? ??????:: ????????? ???????? (NaOH) ?? ????????? ???????? (NaOH) ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????.
  • ????? ????? ??????:: ???? ?????? ???????? (FeCl?) ?? ??? ????????????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
• ??????? ???????:: ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? (?????? ???????? ???????) ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????.

2.2 ????? ?????????????

????? ????????????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????.

• ?????? ????????: ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???.
• ?????? ???????????:: ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? (NaCl) ?????? ???????? (NaNO?)? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????.
• ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????.

2.3 ????? ???????

????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????.

• ?????? ????????:: ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????. ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????????.
• ???????????? ??????? ???????:: ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???.
• ?????? ?? ????? ??????:: ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????.

3- ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????????

????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????:

3.1 ???????? ???????

???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????.

• ????? ?????:: ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????????. ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????.
• ??????? (??? ??????):: ????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???:
• ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ????/???:: ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???????.
• ????? ??????:: ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????.
• ???? ?????:: ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????.
• ?????: ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????.

3.2 3.2 ?????? ?????

• ????? ????? ?????:: ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????. ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? NaOH ?? 5-10% ?? ????? ??????.
• ?????? ?? ???? ???????:: ??? 10 ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????. ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? 40-60 ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? 30-50 ???? ?????.
• ?????? ????? ??????:: ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????. ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????.
• ????? ????????:: ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????.

3.3 ???????? ???????

• ??????? ????????:: ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????. ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????.
• ????????:: ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????.
• ?????? ????? (???????): ???????? ??? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????.

4 - ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????

?????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????????????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????:

1. ????? ????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? 20%-50% ??????? ???????? (??? ???? ?????? 1060 ???????? ???? 6061 ?????? 7075 ???????? ???? ???????) ???? ?????? ????????? ??????????.
2. ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????:: ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????. ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ????.
3. ??? ?????:: ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? (???? ????? ?????).
4. ??????? ???????? ???????:: ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????.

5 - ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????????

??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????. ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???:

??? ????	??????? ????????	?????? ??????
??? ??? ??????	??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????	????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????
????? ?????? (????? ?????)	?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????	????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???
???? ????? ???? (???? ??????)	??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?????????	????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????
????? ????? ?? ?????	????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????	????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????????
??? ??????? (????? ?? ?????)	??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????/?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????	??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????

6 - ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????????

??? ????????????????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????:

• ??????? ???????:: ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ???.
• ????? ????????????:: ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????/???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???.
• ??????? ???????? ?????????:: ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????.
• ????? ????????:: ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???.
• ?????? ?????? ???????:: ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????????.

7 - ???????? ??????? ???????

????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????:

• ??????? ??????????:
• ????? ??????? ?????? (??? ??? ????????? ???? ????????) ???????? ?????? (??? ????????? ????????) ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ???????.
• ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????.
• ????? ??????? ??????? (PPE):: ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????: ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????.
• ?????? ????? ???????? ???????:: ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????. ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????.
• ??? ???????:: ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????).

8 - ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????????

????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ????????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?????:

• ????? ??? ???? ??????:: ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ????????.
• ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????:: ????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????.
• ??????? ???????:: ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (PLC) ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????.

9 - ??????? ????????? (FAQ)

?1: ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????????
? 1: ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???: ?????? ?? ??? ???????? (????? ?????? ???????)? ??????? ????? (???? ???? ????? ??????? ????????)? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? (?????? ????????)? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????.

?2: ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????
?2: ????? ??? ??? ?????????: ????? ????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????.

?????? 3: ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????
?3: ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? (??????/?????) ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? (?????* ?????).

?4: ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????????
?4: ????? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? (??? ??????? 1) ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? (??? ??????? 2? 6? 7) ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????. ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????.

?5: ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????
?5: ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???: ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????.

?6: ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???????????
? 6: ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???: ?????? ?????? (??????????)? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????.

?7: ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????
?7: ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? (??? ????? ????? ????? ??????????) ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????.

?????? 8: ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????
?8: ???? ?? ????? ???????? (?????????? ???? ?????) ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????/???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????.

?????? 9: ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???????
?9: ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????. ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???: ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????.

?10: ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????
?10: ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????. ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? (??? ?????? ???????? + ??? ?????????????). ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????. ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????????.

10 - ???????

??? ?????????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????. ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????.

?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????. ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????. ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????.